منابع مشابه
Convected Charge in Thunderstorms
The charge transport within thunderclouds by the convective motions of the cloud is examined. I n the presencc of the primary positive dipole, shielding charge distributions are formed within thc lower and upper cloud boundaries as the result of ion conduction from the free air and ion capture by droplets and precipitation in peripheral cloud layers. Cloud droplets positivcly charged by the con...
متن کاملThunderstorms Don’t Get Butterflies
One important limitation on the accuracy of weather forecasts is imposed by unavoidable errors in the specification of the atmosphere’s initial state. Much theoretical concern has been focused on the limits to predictability imposed by small-scale errors, potentially even those on the scale of a butterfly. Very modest errors at much larger scales may nevertheless pose a more important practical...
متن کاملWhistler intensities above thunderstorms
We report a study of penetration of the VLF electromagnetic waves induced by lightning to the ionosphere. We compare the fractional hop whistlers recorded by the ICE experiment onboard the DEMETER satellite with lightning detected by the EUCLID detection network. To identify the fractional hop whistlers, we have developed software for automatic detection of the fractional-hop whistlers in the V...
متن کاملThe inaudible sound of thunderstorms
By measuring infrasound, a wide variety of atmospheric sources can be identified. In this study, infrasound associated with thunderstorm lightning discharges is investigated. For this purpose, infrasound observations are compared with discharge detections based on a electromagnetical (EM) detection system. Both systems are operated by the Royal Netherlands Meteorlogical Institute. The initial r...
متن کاملLightning and severe thunderstorms in event management.
There are a few national position stands/guidelines that address environmental conditions in athletics, yet they do not govern all outdoor sports. Extreme heat and cold, lightning, and severe wind can all be fatal, yet the majority of outdoor sports have no published guidelines addressing these conditions in relation to activity. Available research on extreme heat and cold conditions in athleti...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Synopsis: Text, Context, Media
سال: 2015
ISSN: 2311-259X
DOI: 10.28925/2311-259x.2018(1)1532